Top 10 Global Green Shipping Events of 2024
1. LNG Surpasses Methanol in Alternative Fuel Vessel Orders, Setting a Historical High
Although alternative fuel vessel orders were dominated by methanol in the first half of this year, from the summer, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) began to take the lead. Industry giants such as Maersk, Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC), and Hapag-Lloyd all placed large orders, with the vast majority of fuel choices being LNG.
According to data from the DNV AFI platform, as of the end of November, LNG fuel choices hold the largest share of all orders placed so far in 2024, totaling 252 vessels, while methanol-fueled vessel orders stand at 162.
Maersk's return to the LNG track seems to have shocked the market again and has caused ongoing discussions. As early as May, the market was abuzz with rumors that Maersk would reselect LNG-fueled vessels. Before this, Maersk had always been an important label in the shipping industry as an opponent of LNG and a leader in methanol fuel. It was not until August, when Maersk announced its second-quarter financial performance, that CEO Vincent Clerc officially confirmed this information, and in December, a construction plan for 20 LNG-fueled container ships was announced as part of an 800,000 TEU fleet renewal plan.
DNV Maritime's Global Decarbonization Director Jason Stefanatos explained that market dynamics and perceptions played a role in the shift from methanol to LNG orders. He pointed out that since methanol is not widely available in the spot market, companies wanting to use it as marine fuel often have to sign purchase agreements.
"In this case, it seems that some stakeholders in the industry have been affected by the fact that some green methanol production facilities have not been realized, and large orders from some major companies in the industry have also set the tone," Stefanatos said. "However, in many cases, methanol as a fuel is a strong and positive business case."
"I think what happened in 2024 is that many large shipowners and liner operators realized that some of the paths they were taking would not really lead in the direction we want to go," commented Peter Keller, chairman of the industry alliance SEA-LNG. "They are unrealistic. They are not realistic. Therefore, changes need to be made, and in most cases, these changes have led to LNG and the LNG path."
DNV's data shows that the use of alternative fuels is growing rapidly, with the total number of vessels operating or ordered to use alternative fuels now reaching 2,000, double that of the same period last year.
Despite emphasizing that predictions are always uncertain, Stefanatos expects that the current order levels for LNG and methanol will continue until 2025 unless the industry experiences a major disruptive event. "We see a steady stream of orders, and we expect this trend to continue," he said, adding that the choice of alternative fuels may remain diverse as shipowners want to maintain flexibility in uncertain times.
2. New and Retrofitted Methanol-Fueled Vessels Begin Operations
In January 2024, the world's first large methanol container ship, the "Ane Maersk," was named at a ceremony held at Hyundai Heavy Industries' shipyard, and this vessel will surely be recorded in shipping history for its pioneering achievements.
Throughout the year, Maersk has successively delivered a total of 7 methanol-fueled large container ships in the same series:
1) The "Ane Maersk" was delivered and named on January 26 at Hyundai Heavy Industries in Ulsan, South Korea;
2) The "Astrid Maersk" was named on April 4 in Yokohama, Japan;
3) The "Antonia Maersk" was named on August 9 at the Port of Aarhus in Denmark;
4) The "Alette Maersk" held its naming ceremony on August 27 at the Port of Los Angeles in the United States.
5) The "Alexandra Maersk" held its naming ceremony on October 9 at the Port of Felixstowe in the United Kingdom.
6) The "A.P. Moller" held its naming ceremony on November 28 in Singapore. (Another vessel was delivered without a naming ceremony)
This year, more newly built vessels fueled by methanol began operations, including the 1,250 TEU vessel of X-Press Feeders in Europe, and the first tugboat in the Antwerp-Bruges port using methanol as fuel.
X-Press Feeders' earliest batch of methanol-fueled feeder container ships, ordered in 2021, have mostly been delivered. In July, the company announced the launch of Europe's first regular feeder route network powered by green methanol, including two main routes: 1. Green Finland X-PRESS (GFX) route; Baltic Express X-PRESS (GBX) route.
In China, the first 10,850-ton methanol dual-fuel combined electric power propulsion inland bulk cargo ship, "Guoneng Changjiang 01," was successfully launched, and the National Energy Group Shipping Company completed the delivery and naming ceremony for the vessel in October.
In addition, Greg Dolan, CEO of the global methanol industry association (MI), emphasized that "shipowners are also making progress in reducing emissions from existing fleets through projects that upgrade methanol dual-fuel engine technology."
In November, after 88 days of retrofitting, the "Maersk Halifax" became the first large container ship retrofitted to operate on methanol, and the completion and delivery ceremony was held with great pomp in Zhoushan, China.
Dolan pointed out that China's largest shipping company, COSCO Shipping Group, is also implementing a plan to upgrade several of its container ships to methanol dual-fuel engines, with the first methanol retrofitted ship to be launched in October.
Dolan said, "As research and application of methanol power solutions continue to grow, and more shipowners invest in long-term fuel choices, we also expect an increase in the retrofitting of existing vessels."
3. Ammonia Fuel Pilot Bunkering Completed
The Singaporean-flagged ammonia fuel platform supply vessel Fortescue Green Pioneer, which pioneered the use of ammonia as a marine fuel, completed the world's first ammonia fuel bunkering at the Port of Singapore in March 2024. Two months later, Fortescue and the Singapore MPA announced the successful completion of propulsion and maneuverability tests on the 75-meter-long vessel.
Following Singapore, Japan completed the retrofitting of its ammonia-fueled tugboat. On July 17, Japanese shipping company Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK) announced the completion of ammonia fuel bunkering for its ammonia-fueled tugboat ("A-Tug") at the Honmoku Terminal in Yokohama Port, Japan. The fuel was supplied by Japanese energy company JERA Co., Inc., produced by Resonac Corporation at its Kawasaki plant, with part of the fuel raw materials being renewable plastics.
China's ammonia bunkering caught up slightly later, on December 24, Sinopec Marine Fuel Affiliated Liaoning Marine Fuel successfully bunkered marine ammonia fuel for its newly built 5500HP ammonia-powered tugboat "Yuan Tuo Yi" at Dalian COSCO Shipping Heavy Industry Terminal.
However, all the aforementioned vessels' ammonia bunkering was conducted by onshore equipment, serving only as demonstration projects. The "ship-to-ship" bunkering remains a significant milestone for the mature application of alternative fuels in shipping on a large commercial scale.
On July 1, global commodity trader Trafigura announced the completion of its first ship-to-ship (STS) ammonia transfer. The transfer took place last week in international waters near the Port of休达 in the Strait of Gibraltar. On September 14, an industry consortium led by the Global Maritime Decarbonization Center (GCMD) also successfully carried out an STS ammonia transfer within the anchorage of Dampier Port in Australia. The vessels involved in the transfer were the Green Pioneer of商船三井 and the Navigator Global of Navigator Gas, with ammonia fuel provided by Yara Clean Ammonia.
This series of experiments provides a foundation of experience for the future realization of true ship-to-ship bunkering of ammonia fuel.
This year continues to see the so-called "world's first" ammonia-fueled vessel orders, including the first dual-fuel bulk carrier ordered by CMB.Tech in February. In April, BHP also announced the order of the first large bulk carrier fueled by ammonia, which will operate between Australia, China, and Japan.
However, information regarding ammonia-fueled main engines for vessels is filled with ambiguity and uncertainty. MAN ES's development process for ammonia-fueled main engines seems to be several months behind schedule. As early as the end of 2023, MAN initiated single-cylinder testing of ammonia-fueled engines, and only recently entered the full testing phase, which will continue until the middle of 2025. WinGD is also focusing on the development of ammonia-fueled main engines, and for WinGD, the first vessel remains the ammonia gas carrier newly built by Exmar. The engine will undergo workshop testing in March 2025. The delivery speed of ammonia-fueled main engines is the core bottleneck for ammonia-fueled vessels in the next 2-3 years, but there is a huge difference in the forecast views for larger-scale orders.
This year, significant progress has been made in new guidelines for the design, training, and bunkering of marine ammonia fuel. For example, the SGMF released the first ammonia and methanol bunkering guidelines in October, and the International Maritime Organization's Maritime Safety Committee (MSC 108) approved interim guidelines on the safety of ammonia-fueled vessels in December.
4. Shipping Giants Reach Methanol Purchase Agreements
Greg Dolan, CEO of the global methanol industry association (MI), pointed out that this year, major shipping companies have also taken action to ensure the supply of green methanol to fuel their growing dual-fuel fleets.
In addition to the agreement with Goldwind Technology announced in 2023, Maersk also signed a purchase agreement with China Longi Green Energy. The methanol fuel is entirely biomethanol, and the production project is located in Xuchang City, Henan Province, in central China.
In November, Goldwind Green Energy Chemical, a subsidiary of Goldwind Technology Group, announced again that it had signed a long-term contract of 250,000 tons of green methanol per year with Hapag-Lloyd. It is reported that these green methanols will be supplied by the second factory of Goldwind Green Energy Chemical Xing'an Meng. The factory will be built next to the first factory of Xing'an Meng Green Methanol, which supplies Maersk, and the two factories will be sister plants.
In November this year, COSCO Shipping Group cooperated with Thai enterprise Charoen Pokphand Group and American trader Freepoint Commodities to build green methanol production facilities. Of course, the 200,000-tonne biomass methanol production project in Siping, Jilin, jointly established by COSCO Shipping International Hong Kong, Jilin Electric Power, and Shanghai Port Energy, is still progressing orderly, and more results are expected to be seen next year.
A database managed by the Global Methanol Shipping Association and Finland GENA Solutions recorded more than 180 renewable and low-carbon methanol projects announced as of October 2024, with a total potential production capacity of 38.6 million metric tons by 2030.
Greg Dolan emphasized, "China accounts for half of the global pipeline of biomass methanol and electrolytic methanol projects, and according to the current project schedule, it is expected to become a major supplier of renewable methanol between 2025 and 2027."
While China's green methanol production projects are expanding rapidly, European producers seem to have encountered insurmountable difficulties. In August, Danish energy company Ørsted abandoned the project to produce e-methanol for the shipping industry due to insufficient demand.
In response, Jens Eskelund, Chief Representative of Maersk Group North Asia, said at the Global Sustainable Transportation Summit held in Beijing in September, "Compared to the energy prices in 2023, this year, the energy quotes we have received from Chinese producers have significantly decreased." He pointed out that there are two main reasons for the reduction in energy prices: First, China has performed well in scaling and industrialization; second, China has some of the world's largest renewable energy technology producers, such as wind turbines and solar panels. "Therefore, our cooperation with China has the full potential to provide fuel at an economical price for Europe."
5. Wind Propulsion System Suppliers Expand Production Scale
Gavin Allwright, Secretary-General of the International Wind Ship Association (IWSA), said that 2024 has been a "very, very important year" for wind propulsion technology.
In his view, one of the most important developments is the shift from single-ship orders to full-fleet contracts. For example, MOL announced in May that it would install wind propulsion systems on 7 vessels, Union Maritime decided in March to deploy BAR's WindWings technology on 34 new vessels, and in June, it deployed Norsepower's Rotor Sails cylinder wind sails on 4 product tankers, and in November, Maersk Tankers signed a contract to equip 5 vessels with bound4blue's eSAIL.
Allwright pointed out that many shipping companies are willing to build "test ships," "but once companies start saying, 'You know what, we have gone beyond this. We now want to quickly place commercial orders for multiple vessels,' this really indicates a shift among pioneers, early adopters. This will build market confidence."
He added that in response to this situation, some wind propulsion system suppliers have already begun to expand their production scale. This year, Norsepower opened a new factory in Dafeng, China, BAR Technologies also reached an agreement to produce its systems in China, and Anemoi also has a production line in China.
Allwright expects that by 2025, this will help reduce costs and delivery times. "These investments can immediately start to reduce costs, and then you enter the cycle of economies of scale, that is, a positive development cycle, costs decrease, production increases, delivery times are shortened, and there is a complete development learning curve," he explained.
6. The Arrival of EU ETS, New Business of Shipping Carbon Management Begins
On January 31, the Official Journal of the European Union officially published the allocation list of shipping companies and management bodies (also known as the AA list). Since then, shipping companies have officially begun preparations for the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS).
Shipping companies are seeking ways to open Maritime Operational Holder Accounts (MOHA), and service providers are迎来 an important period for market development.
At the same time, the EU Maritime Fuel Regulation (FuelEU Maritime) is also approaching, and ship management companies are orderly completing various preparations according to the templates provided by classification societies. However, most shipping companies do not have a comprehensive understanding of what this regulation really means.
All types of service providers begin to try the business model of FuelEU Mairtime, and the compliance pooling of FuelEU Mairtim begins to appear.
7. The Arrival of All-Electric Container Ships, The Era of Electrifying the Yangtze River Arrives
The world's largest all-electric container ship directly reaching the river and sea, "COSCO Shipping Green Water 01," was delivered before the end of last year and entered a normalized operation state in 2022. The ship travels regularly between Nanjing-Nantong-Yangshan Port route, and this "green route" has realized normalized operation, helping the low-carbon and environmental protection transformation of river-sea intermodal vessels and promoting the accelerated development of new quality productive forces.
On November 9, at the Zhenjiang shipyard wharf in Jiangsu Province, the 4000-horsepower all-electric propulsion full-rotation tugboat "Ningang Dian Tuo 1" of Nanjing Port Group set sail, which is the first all-electric propulsion full-rotation tugboat in the Yangtze River basin.
On November 5, the keel-laying ceremony for two 740-TEU all-electric open-top container ships of Ningbo Ocean Shipping was successfully held at Jiangxin Shipbuilding in Jiangxi, and the construction of the world's largest and the country's first batch of all-electric sea ships officially began.
According to the statistics and sorting of the Water Transport Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport, as of June 2024, China has built and under construction more than 440 all-electric power vessels, mainly passenger ships. In many places such as Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong, many electric water bus routes (passenger ships or sightseeing ships) have been successively put into operation, making a demonstration for green ports and integrated urban transportation. However, all-electric cargo ships are still in the initial stage, with only more than 20 ships mainly distributed in inland lakes, rivers, islands, and ports near the sea.
At the same time, the Port of Singapore Authority (MPA) is testing several electric port vessels, including electric tugs and electric barges, for port logistics and berthing operations. In addition, Singapore is also promoting electric sightseeing ships to support the carbon-neutral goal of the Singapore port. The Singapore government has set up a green fund to finance electric ship projects and port infrastructure transformation, and the port authority also plans to provide berthing fee reductions for operators using zero-emission ships, promoting the widespread use of electric ships and hydrogen fuel ships in the port, and plans to achieve zero-carbon port operations by 2030.
8. Acceleration of Methanol Fuel Supply Chain Construction
Corresponding to the rapid development of methanol-fueled vessel orders and production projects, the pace of methanol ship fuel supply chain construction is also rapidly advancing.
In March, seizing the new opportunity of green shipping, Shanghai Lingang New Area took the lead in launching the "Green Shipping Industry Alliance," attracting globally influential shipping and port enterprises, green new energy production and preparation enterprises, green fuel bunkering service enterprises, carbon footprint monitoring and carbon trading institutions, industrial funds, etc., to form a complete industry chain layout. At the Green Shipping Promotion Conference, two green new energy production and preparation projects, SDIC Future Energy Development Shanghai Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Jiyuan Green Energy Co., Ltd., signed and settled in Lingang.
On April 26, the Northeast Asia Green Ship Fuel Supply Chain Alliance was officially established in Dalian City, Liaoning Province. The production and supply chain enterprises of the three northeastern provinces and one district jointly created a "one center, two bases, one platform" green ship fuel supply chain system, effectively integrating resources in green fuel production and manufacturing, port shipping, logistics and storage, fuel bunkering, quality certification, ship repair, and other fields, accelerating the development of the green ship fuel Lingang industrial cluster in Liaoning Province, and seizing the development opportunity of the Northeast Asia green ship fuel production and supply chain.
At the same time, port cities such as Ningbo and Tianjin are preparing for the future methanol fuel era in terms of storage, transshipment, and bunkering.
South Korea is fully supporting the construction of green ship fuel supply centers such as Busan Port and Ulsan Port, and Hong Kong also proposed for the first time in the government's policy address to build a green ship fuel bunkering center.
On August 30, the ten thousand-ton green methanol and other liquid chemical berths, green ammonia and other liquefied hydrocarbon berths, and supporting public auxiliary facilities project, jointly constructed by Dalian Xizhong Island Development Group Co., Ltd., COSCO Shipping Dalian Investment Co., Ltd., and Dalian Menglian Petrochemical Co., Ltd., officially started in Changxing Island (Xizhong Island), Dalian, marking the comprehensive development of the hydrogen-based energy center in Dalian Changxing Island Economic and Technological Development Zone facing Northeast Asia.
In November, COSCO Shipping Dalian Investment Co., Ltd. was renamed "Dalian COSCO Shipping Energy Supply Chain Co., Ltd.," and made great efforts to create a comprehensive logistics business of hydrogen-based green energy.
9. Division and Consensus of MEPC 82
From September 30 to October 4, the 82nd meeting of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 82) of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) was held in London, UK. Following the 16th meeting of the Intersessional Working Group on Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships (ISWG-GHG 16) the week before, two weeks of debate provided a stage for various voices and viewpoints. If two words are used to describe this session, they can only be "consensus" and "division."
However, under the rules of the IMO, "consensus" is the most intuitive manifestation of progress. "Consensus" means that by the next spring's MEPC 83 meeting, all 176 member states of the IMO need to agree on a final text. This is not a vote where the majority wins. This is a consensus that everyone needs to agree on.
At present, the "biggest" consensus achieved at the meeting is the adoption of a single draft working document containing all the current proposals for amendments to the MARPOL Convention, as the basis for later negotiations.
Of course, the existing divisions cannot be ignored. This will be the main theme of the tough negotiations in the next six months. There are currently five proposals still on the negotiating table:
1) The "International Maritime Sustainable Fuels and Fund (IMSF&F) Plan": jointly submitted by China with Norway, Brazil, Argentina, South Africa, the United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Ecuador, and Angola, advocating for the establishment of mandatory greenhouse gas intensity requirements for marine fuels, allowing flexible compliance using joint pools, storage, etc., and charging for excess greenhouse gas emissions that do not meet fuel standards. The proceeds are used to reward eligible zero/near-zero fuels, technologies, and energy, while also providing support for capacity building in developing countries and the deployment of maritime decarbonization research and development, trying to minimize the cost and implementation burden of decarbonization, while ensuring fair market competition and fair and just transition.
2) Japan merged its "Feebate" mechanism with the fuel standard (GFS) proposed by the EU 27 countries, forming the "GFS+GHG Tax/Fee" mechanism, advocating for charging for all GHG emissions in addition to fuel standards and flexible compliance mechanisms, with an initial price suggestion of $100/tCO2e.
3)The representative of international liner shipping companies (such as Maersk, Mediterranean, CMA, etc.): The World Shipping Council (WSC) proposed the Green Balance Mechanism.
4)The plan of the United Nations "vulnerable group" - small island countries: Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Palau, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu, support the establishment of fuel standards but oppose the introduction of any flexible mechanisms, while advocating for charging a high GHG tax on all GHG emissions, starting at a price of $150/tCO2e.
5) The International Chamber of Shipping (ICS), which also represents some industry voices, and the two major flag states: Liberia and the Bahamas.
According to the summary of the shipping decarbonization consulting company UMAS, there are currently only three main options: a separate flexibility mechanism without a greenhouse gas tax/unified pricing; a "Feebate" mechanism (related to greenhouse gas tax/unified pricing); and a combination of a "Feebate" mechanism and a flexibility mechanism.
Marie Fricaudet, a doctoral student at the Energy Institute of University College London, said, "The issue of revenue distribution is still a controversial issue: currently, there is strong support for supporting low-carbon technologies, but whether and how this revenue can address the disproportionate negative impact and ensure a fair and just transition is still an unresolved issue. People's widespread concern for the impact of mid-term measures on food security has brought a new highlight to this debate, and the impact on key food security imports has now become a core issue in formulating a fair and just transition framework."
"Everything is still on the table," and all the controversial issues before have not been substantively resolved at this meeting. UMAS's Tristan Smith introduced, "The progress of the meeting did not 'break out,' it was relatively harmonious and productive, and the options for progress have gained momentum and improvement. Therefore, please be reserved about the report of this meeting - negotiators always leave compromises and decisions to the last moment."
10. Thirteen Departments Issue the "Action Plan for Large-Scale Transportation Equipment Renewal"
On June 7, the website of the Ministry of Transport reported that the Ministry of Transport, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and other thirteen departments recently issued the "Action Plan for Large-Scale Transportation Equipment Renewal."
The "Action Plan" proposes that by 2028, the structure of ship transport capacity will be effectively improved, the carbon emission intensity and pollutant emission intensity of the transportation industry will continue to decrease, and the total amount of pollutant emissions will be further reduced.
The "Action Plan" proposes to implement seven major actions of urban bus electrification replacement, elimination and renewal of old operating diesel trucks, scrapping and renewal of old operating ships, elimination and renewal of old locomotives, replacement of old equipment of express mail, renewal and transformation of logistics facilities and equipment, and standard improvement, vigorously promoting the application of advanced equipment and Beidou terminals, promoting the clean, low-carbon, and efficient development of transportation energy power systems, and orderly promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of the industry. Many of them involve the ship industry, and the relevant content is organized as follows for industry reference:
The "Action Plan" proposes to implement the scrapping and renewal action of old operating ships.
First, accelerate the scrapping and renewal of old transport ships with high energy consumption and high emissions. Support the scrapping and renewal of old ships over 10 years for inland passenger ships, over 15 years for cargo ships, over 15 years for coastal passenger ships, and over 20 years for cargo ships. Strengthen the supervision of ship fuel quality, improve the monitoring system for ship atmospheric pollutants, and implement demonstration projects for the monitoring and supervision of ship atmospheric pollutant emission control areas. Encourage regions with conditions to establish a mechanism for the withdrawal of existing fuel-powered ships. Second, strongly support the development of new energy and clean energy-powered transport ships. Accelerate the research and development of ship types powered by liquefied natural gas (LNG), alcohol, hydrogen, ammonia, and other fuels, and strengthen the research and development of key common and frontier leading core technologies such as high-performance LNG, high-power alcohol fuel engines, and high-energy density and high-safety performance power batteries, to improve the supply capacity of new energy ship equipment. Support the construction of new energy and clean energy-powered ships, support the development of international voyage ships powered by green alcohol and green ammonia, promote the application of LNG and biodiesel-powered ships on coastal and inland waterways with conditions, support the pilot application of pure battery power on small and medium-sized, short-distance inland waterway ships, support ships to explore and carry out the pilot application of container power and other mobile equipment replacement modes, and gradually expand the application of green electricity, LNG, biodiesel, green alcohol, and other energy sources in the ship field. Improve the major renovation policy of passenger ships, implement incentive measures such as priority berthing for new energy ships, and ensure the supply capacity of electricity, LNG, biodiesel, green alcohol, and other energy sources. Encourage the exploration and establishment of regional comprehensive new energy pilot demonstration zones for ships. Thirdly, it is essential to improve the supporting infrastructure for new and clean energy-powered transport vessels. Enhance the intensive and efficient use of shoreline resources and support the construction of supply service capabilities for LNG, biodiesel, and green alcohol refueling, as well as charging (and battery swapping) facilities. Support the upgrading of refueling (and gas) service points and waterway service areas that have the necessary conditions to enhance the comprehensive service level of supporting facilities. Explore the construction of green shipping comprehensive service areas and accelerate the development of a convenient and complete network of supporting infrastructure. Strengthen the risk assessment of key vessel supporting systems, including new energy bunkering operations and power systems, storage, transportation, and bunkering systems.
The "Action Plan" proposes to implement a standard improvement action. Strengthen the upgrade of operating vehicle and ship energy consumption, emission, and technical standards. Benchmark against international advanced levels and accelerate the improvement of the safety and green development level of operating trucks, operating ships, and other carrying tools. Accelerate the revision of standards for fuel consumption limits and carbon emission intensity of operating ships, and accelerate the research on standards for operating ship charging and battery swapping facilities and bunkering operations of biodiesel and methanol fuels. Accelerate the construction of a green and intelligent ship specification and standard system, establish and improve the technical standards for new energy ships and key equipment and quality, and implement a green and intelligent ship standardization leading project. The "Action Plan" proposes to formulate supporting measures, increase financial support, improve financial and insurance support, and strengthen innovation support, strengthening policy support from four aspects.